He is a year older than I am.／He is my senior by one year.
上の子はもう大学を出た
My older [oldest] child has graduated from college.（▼oldestは下に二人以上いるとき）
6〔段階・地位の高い方〕
彼は学校では私より下だったが，会社では上になった
He didn't do as well as I did at school, but in the firm he has a higher position than mine.
彼は上のクラスに編入された
He was transferred to the upper class.
上を見ればきりがない
If you start comparing yourself with people who are better off, there'll be no end to it.
３年生より上の子供たち
children in the third grade and above [up]
上からの命令には逆らってはならない
You must obey orders from above.
7〔能力・品質の優れた方〕
彼の絵のほうが私のより出来は上だった
His picture was better than mine.
この上の車が欲しい
I want a better car than this.
8〔「…の上で」の形で，…を条件に入れて，…した結果〕
悪いことは承知の上で彼はやったらしい
It seems that he did it knowing it was wrong.
困難は承知の上でこの問題に取り組んでみる
I'll see what I can do about the problem, though I know it's difficult.
十分な論議の上で決定した
We decided after discussing it carefully.
9〔「…の上の」の形で，…に関することで〕
仕事の上の意見の対立だった
They disagreed about their work.
酒の上の失言では済まされない
You can't get away with your slip of the tongue by saying you'd been drinking.／You can't blame your irresponsible remark solely on alcohol.
10〔「…である上に」の形で，…に加えて〕
彼はビールを飲んだ上にウイスキーも飲んだ
After drinking beer, he drank whisky as well.
老人は目が悪い上に耳も遠い
The old man has poor hearing as well as poor eyesight.
病気になった上に職を失った
He became ill, and 「what was worse [then on top of that], he lost his job.／《口》 He became ill and then he lost his job to boot.（▼to bootは文の終わりに用い，通常望ましくない事柄について言う）
